{"id":2955,"date":"2024-05-29T17:04:41","date_gmt":"2024-05-29T09:04:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ceshi.zptpu.com\/?p=2955"},"modified":"2024-05-29T17:17:21","modified_gmt":"2024-05-29T09:17:21","slug":"exclusively-reveals-the-past-present-of-chinas-ultra-high-voltage-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/exclusively-reveals-the-past-present-of-chinas-ultra-high-voltage-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ef1c cao c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c (N\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2955\" class=\"elementor elementor-2955\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27b2e77 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"27b2e77\" data-element_type=\"container\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cff6b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2cff6b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\r\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 25-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2024-05-20<\/span>\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b486f1d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b486f1d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce42da3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce42da3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\r\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 25-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb\u201d tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, UHV c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb \u201cb\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cm\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1edbn c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng\u201d, t\u1eeb \u201cdo Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cdo Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d, t\u1eeb \u201cThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n UHV l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh carbon v\u00e0 trung h\u00f2a carbon, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n UHV \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201c\u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh\u201d v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ctruy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u00e2y sang \u0111\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb b\u1eafc v\u00e0o nam, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1eeda b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau, gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau\u201d, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 sang ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u00edt carbon.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2020, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 35 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV, bao g\u1ed3m \u201c14 tuy\u1ebfn UHV, 16 tuy\u1ebfn UHV\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c2 tuy\u1ebfn UHV, 3 tuy\u1ebfn UHV\u201d \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. T\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn UHV \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 48.000 km.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2958 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724722-6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"962\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724722-6.png 962w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724722-6-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724722-6-768x505.png 768w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724722-6-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724722-6-600x394.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 962px) 100vw, 962px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh UHV \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u2018Cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a UHV\u2019. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u2018m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a UHV\u2019, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi thua. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n UHV. , ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?\u201d Liu Zhenya, c\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Internet n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n<p>Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi UHV l\u00e0m x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a &quot;ba m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi&quot; l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1edbi cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2004, L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n \u00c1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong hai th\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7m thu D\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u Tam Hi\u1ec7p-Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng. Tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc xe bu\u00fdt nh\u1ecf \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y nhanh, L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n \u00c1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u201cc\u1ea3n tr\u1edf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. H\u01a1n 70% n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee9 sau 30 km d\u1ecdc theo s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111i\u00f4x\u00edt h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1t 45 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t km vu\u00f4ng, g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. 76% than c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, 80% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 90% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, 80% th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 70% \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c gi\u00e0u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb1m xa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m. Trung t\u00e2m nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch xa kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 4.000 km.<\/p>\n<p>Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia, Liu Zhenya, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 g\u1ecdi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o giai c\u1ea5p th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t \u201c\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng minh\u201d: x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d \u2013 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n si\u00eau cao th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than.<\/p>\n<p>UHV l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i 1000 kV AC v\u00e0 \u00b1800 kV DC. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u00e0i, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. An to\u00e0n, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2959 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"799\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/\u56fe\u724723-2-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng nhanh, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n eo h\u1eb9p, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch?<\/p>\n<p>Liu Zhenya \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng UHV nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2000, t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm khi xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 than hay kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000 Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n theo m\u00f9a v\u00e0 theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n &#039;n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n&#039; c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. &quot;<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n \u00c1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ef1c cao khi ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV. B\u1ee9c m\u00e0n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu quay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a Liu Zhenya b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong lu\u1eadn v\u0103n t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng minh\u201d v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5p \u1ee7 trong \u0111\u1ea7u L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n \u00c1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ng\u1ea1c. T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7m thu D\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i DC Tam Hi\u1ec7p-Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d, n\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc trong quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Sau T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1n n\u0103m 2005, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty L\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u1ea3 thi. Ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 2, \u1ee6y ban C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n (V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng [2005] S\u1ed1 282) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u201cb\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u v\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u UHV c\u1ed9ng tr\u1eeb 800.000 v\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i\u201d. Ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n \u00c1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. Bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y (Guoyue [2005] S\u1ed1 21) \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n UHV v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a UHV v\u00e0o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n<p>Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng UHV \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n \u201cn\u00fat t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau khi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2005, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cNh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n UHV\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n 1.000 kilovolt tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n 500 kilovolt hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ba ng\u00e0y sau, Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee6y ban C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. M\u1ed9t &quot;cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn&quot; k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 UHV b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 21 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2005, \u1ee6y ban Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc \u0110\u1edbi H\u00e0. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y d\u00e0y n\u1eeda m\u00e9t. \u201cH\u01a1n 200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 chuy\u00ean gia \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ed1n kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: so s\u00e1nh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 than, t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a UHV, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, so v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u si\u00eau cao \u00e1p 500 kV, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u UHV 1000 kV t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 2-3 l\u1ea7n, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 4-5 l\u1ea7n, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1\/3, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1\/3, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 70%.<\/p>\n<p>So v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i DC UHV \u00b1500 kV, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a DC UHV \u00b1800 kV v\u00e0 \u00b11100 kV l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u0103ng 2-3 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 5-6 l\u1ea7n, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng 2-3 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 4-5 l\u1ea7n, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1\/2, 1\/4, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 65%, 55% v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 65%, 40%.<\/p>\n<p>So v\u1edbi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n than l\u1edbn \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n trung th\u00f4ng qua UHV, gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n \u0111i\u1ec7n than \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 0,06-0,13 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7\/kWh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed3n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i 500 kV.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 30 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV AC v\u00e0 DC, ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a UHV. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n UHV, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n si\u00eau l\u1edbn duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai UHV. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00eau ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fa \u00fd, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi &quot;c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2005, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o kh\u1ea3 thi c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m UHV AC 1000 kV \u0110\u00f4ng Nam S\u01a1n T\u00e2y-Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng-Kinh M\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Sau H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb B\u1eafc \u0110\u1edbi H\u00e0, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4n s\u1ebb, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2005, \u1ee6y ban C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i UHV tham d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169 nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Shi Dazhen v\u00e0 c\u1ef1u Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Lu Yanchang. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 k\u00fd t\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>Sau hai cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1eabn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n, t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a UHV, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AC UHV v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 AC v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn an ninh. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau. Sau T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1n n\u0103m 2006, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UHV.<\/p>\n<p>UHV \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u201cv\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1\u201d c\u1ee7a \u201cki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia \u2013 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u2013 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u2013 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u2013 bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c B\u1ea3o, c\u1ef1u ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u1ee6y ban C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u1ef1u gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cS\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 xanh\u201d: \u201cDo qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tranh ch\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng UHV \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n\u201d. \u201c\u0110\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n Nh\u00e3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n. Th\u1ef1c ra, tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 tranh lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2006, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV. T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, Koval, khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, tin r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UHV hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n trong h\u01a1n n\u0103m n\u0103m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV ti\u1ebfp theo c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2014, \u1ee6y ban to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb hi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 5, \u1ee6y ban to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb hi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tham v\u1ea5n hai tu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a UHV. T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UHV, t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 &quot;Ba Trung Qu\u1ed1c&quot; v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n UHV c\u1ea7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n AC v\u00e0 DC. Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a UHV, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1eabn ki\u00ean tr\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u1ee6y ban to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb hi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb B\u1eafc \u0110\u1edbi H\u00e0, cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u1ee6y ban c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf UHV \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan c\u1ee7a \u201cgi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111i theo b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 d\u00f9 UHV c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd ng\u1ee7. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n UHV, m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a UHV kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 do Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; sau khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf. Sau khi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n UHV AC v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n UHV DC. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn leo thang. Nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Shi Dazhen \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: &quot;N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta b\u00e1m v\u00e0o quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 hy v\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm h\u01a1n&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>Hai ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1n n\u0103m 2006, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u201cK\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trung h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n qu\u1ed1c gia (2006-2020)\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ef1c cao.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c B\u1ea3o nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cC\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ef1c cao. Sau n\u00e0y t\u00f4i xem l\u1ea1i th\u00ec th\u1ea5y trong \u0111\u00f3 ghi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. DC l\u00e0 \u00b1800 kilovolt, AC l\u00e0 1.000 kilovolt. \u201cT\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ef1c cao v\u1eabn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi an to\u00e0n. Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a UHV, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Nga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. N\u0103m 2005, trong chuy\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Liu Zhenya th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111i b\u1ed9 l\u00ean n\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y UHV. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i UHV, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m 500 kV. Ba m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p m\u1ed9t pha \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m UHV, do Hitachi, Toshiba v\u00e0 Mitsubishi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea1i Nga, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc UHV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 12 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t (c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc UHV c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 2 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t), c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh v\u00e0 th\u00f4 r\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Qua thanh tra, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n UHV \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1eabn \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00ec l\u00fd do k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cL\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Nga \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. T\u00f4i ch\u1ecbu r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n UHV th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\u201d Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau, L\u01b0u Ch\u1ea5n \u00c1 d\u00f9ng hai t\u1eeb \u201cs\u1ee3 h\u00e3i\u201d. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t gian kh\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a UHV. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft tranh c\u00e3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Shi Dazhen \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 UHV v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau, UHV v\u1eabn l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh! Vui l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecdc n\u1eeda sau. C\u1ea3m \u01a1n!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2024-05-20 Under the circumstances of &#8220;no standards, no experience, and no equipment&#8221; in the world, China&#8217;s UHV has successfully transformed from &#8220;starting from scratch&#8221; to &#8220;a major country with important equipment&#8221;, from &#8220;Created in China&#8221; to &#8220;Leading by China&#8221;, from &#8220;Equipment in China&#8221; to &#8220;Equipment World&#8221;. It can be said that the construction of UHV [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-insights"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2955"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2972,"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2955\/revisions\/2972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xminsulation.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}